crushing load on the country’ s roads, intense effort was invested in developing better mix designs.
A new problem emerged in the mid-1970s when the Arab oil embargo led to skyrocketing fuel prices and block-long lines at the gas pump. Household recycling was becoming popular, but the paving industry began to see it as a necessary practice to cut fuel costs. Whereas aged asphalt pavement had been considered waste material and
sent to the landfill, reclaimed asphalt paving( RAP) became a valued product, stockpiled and used as an inexpensive road base. During this same time, the cold-milling machine was refined. These highhorsepower asphalt grinders became an integral part of the rehabilitation process. Today, RAP is commonplace, and asphalt pavement is the nation’ s most widely recycled product.
In the early 1980s, the industry tackled a major issue with
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